III-nitride micro-emitter arrays

III-nitride micro-emitter array technology was developed in the authors’ laboratory around 1999. Since its inception, much progress has been made by several groups and the technology has led to the invention of several novel devices. This paper provides an overview on recent progress in single-chip ac-micro-size light emitting diodes (μLEDs) that can be plugged directly into standard high ac voltage power outlets, self-emissive microdisplays and interconnected μLEDs for boosting light emitting diodes’s wall-plug efficiency, all of which were evolved from III-nitride micro-emitter array technology. Finally, potential applications of III-nitride visible micro-emitter arrays as a light source for DNA microarrays and future prospects of III-nitride deep ultraviolet micro-emitter arrays for label-free protein analysis in microarray format by taking advantage of the direct excitation of intrinsic protein fluorescence are discussed. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version)